Efficient Conversion of Carbohydrates to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Using ZrCl4 Catalyst in Nitromethane
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Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-derived Carbohydrates into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural using a Strong Solid Acid Catalyst in Aqueous γ-Valerolactone
Selective conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is of great significance for biomass conversion. In this study, a novel solid Brønsted acid was prepared simply by the copolymerization of paraformaldehyde and p-toluenesulfonic acid and then used to catalyze the conversion of various carbohydrates into HMF in γ-valerolactone-water (GVL/H2O) reaction medium...
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Direct conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) catalyzed by germanium(IV) chloride in ionic liquids has been investigated in search of an efficient and environmentally friendly process. Monosaccharides D-fructose and D-glucose, disaccharides sucrose and maltose, and even the polysaccharide cellulose were successfully converted into HMF with good yields under mild conditio...
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A convenient system for producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) through dehydration of carbohydrates by microwave heating in the presence of ZnCl2 was studied. The use of ZnCl2 gave higher selectivity than other metal salts in the conversion of glucose. With ZnCl2 as catalyst, sucrose could be utilized effectively. Under the conditions of microwave irradiation (300 W, 8 min), HMF yields were 54...
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5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is an important platform molecule in the synthesis of various chemicals and materials. Herein, we reported a simple and effective dehydration of glucose-based carbohydrates to HMF in a biphasic system containing cyclopentyl methyl ether as the organic phase and AlCl3 with minute amounts of HCl as co-catalysts. The results showed that the mixed catalysts had a posit...
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Efficient conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), an important platform molecular for fuels and chemicals, is a promising topic in green chemistry. In this work, several new DBU-based (DBU = 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene) ionic liquids (ILs) with benzene sulfonate (BS) anion were synthesized and used as the solvents for the dehydration of glucose to HMF. It was found that a...
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